How to Lower Triglycerides Naturally: Diet, Alcohol, Weight Loss and Exercise
Dr Reza Moazzeni
March 7, 2026
Triglycerides are a type of fat found in the blood. When levels are elevated, they are often a sign of
Cardiology Insights
Articles on heart disease, prevention, imaging, and clinical decision-making — written by Dr Reza Moazzeni MD FRACP, cardiologist in Sydney.
These posts share practical lessons from real clinical practice, recent research, and everyday questions patients ask.
Stress Echocardiogram Explained: What It Is, When You Need It, and What to Expect
Dr Reza Moazzeni
September 9, 2025
Introduction Table of Contents stress echocardiogram—also called a stress echo or exercise stress echocardiography—combines a standard transthoracic echocardiogram with exercise
Echocardiogram Explained: What It Is, When You Need It, and What to Expect
Dr Reza Moazzeni
August 2, 2025
What is an Echocardiogram Echocardiogram is a non-invasive and painless test that uses ultrasound to assess the heart’s structure and
Lp(a) or Lipoprotein (a): A comprehensive review
Dr Reza Moazzeni
October 18, 2024
Lipoprotein(a) – A Critical Factor in Cardiovascular Risk Assessment Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a significant independent risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular
Alcohol and Heart Health: Navigating the Risks and Benefits
Dr Reza Moazzeni
March 25, 2024
Introduction Alcohol and heart health: a topic that’s been debated for years. You’ve probably heard conflicting advice – a glass
Lipedema
Dr Reza Moazzeni
November 1, 2023
Introduction Lipedema, often mistaken for obesity, is a unique medical condition that predominantly affects women. Lipedema is an abnormal and
High Cholesterol: Distinguishing Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH) from Common Hyperlipidemia
Dr Reza Moazzeni
September 27, 2023
Hypercholesterolemia or high blood cholesterol level is common in medical practice, but not all cases are equal. Some individuals may
Inclisiran: From RNA Interference (RNAi) to Cholesterol Management
Dr Reza Moazzeni
August 28, 2023
Inclisiran is another therapeutic agent that exerts its effect by interfering with the PCSK9 molecule, not by inhibiting its action
PCSK9 Inhibitors: The New Frontier in Cholesterol Management
Dr Reza Moazzeni
August 20, 2023
Introduction PCSK9, or Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin type 9, is a molecule that has gained a significant role in cardiovascular health
Bempedoic Acid
Dr Reza Moazzeni
June 29, 2023
https://youtu.be/Q70VY2m3bz8 Video: Bempedoic Acid mechanism of action Bempedoic acid is a novel treatment against hypercholesterolemia. It offers hope to patients
Amiodarone-induced Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis (LCV)
Dr Reza Moazzeni
June 21, 2023
Leukocytoclastic vasculitis (LCV), a severe inflammatory condition affecting the small blood vessels, can arise from various causes, including medications. One
Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH): Diagnosis, Genetics
Dr Reza Moazzeni
February 27, 2023
Table of Contents What is Familial Hypercholesterolemia or FH? Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a genetic disorder that causes high levels
Unilateral Leg Swelling: Differential Diagnosis and Case Studies
Dr Reza Moazzeni
June 30, 2022
Acute vs Chronic Unilateral Leg Swelling Categorizing the swelling process as acute or chronic is an essential first step in
The impact of heart failure optimal medical therapy (OMT) and CRT on functional mitral valve regurgitation
Dr Reza Moazzeni
June 15, 2022
Introduction Functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) is a condition that often affects patients with heart failure, particularly those with reduced left
Cardiac Asthma (Cardiac Cough): revisiting an old entity
Dr Reza Moazzeni
March 7, 2022
What is cardiac asthma or cardiac cough? For centuries, we’ve understood that heart diseases can lead to symptoms like shortness
Sinus Bradycardia and Hypotension post Bariatric Surgery
Dr Reza Moazzeni
February 17, 2022
Introduction The connection between weight loss and improved health is well-documented, with years of comprehensive research and numerous trials reinforcing
Lower Limb Edema (Swollen Legs): Chronic Venous Insufficiency and Venous Hypertension
Dr Reza Moazzeni
December 27, 2021
What are the main causes of swollen legs? https://youtu.be/kw71R1648lg Video: This video highlights venous hypertension as a top cause of
How to reduce the risk of a sudden Heart Attack
Dr Reza Moazzeni
November 4, 2021
Table of Contents Introduction — Prevention That Works Every year, thousands of people have heart attacks that could have been
Statin Intolerance: Placebo vs Nocebo
Dr Reza Moazzeni
October 18, 2021
What is Nocebo and how it is different from Placebo? https://youtu.be/s6yVAOjFurE To better understand the difference between Placebo vs Nocebo,
Coronary Calcium Score (Coronary Artery Calcification): Nuts and Bolts
Dr Reza Moazzeni
November 7, 2020
Table of Contents Understanding ASCVD Risk Calculation What is the Coronary Calcium Score? Who should have a CAC test? When
Pacemaker-induced Tricuspid Regurgitation (CIED-related TR)
Dr Reza Moazzeni
August 25, 2020
CIED-related tricuspid regurgitation (TR), particularly pacemaker-induced TR, is an under-recognised but important cause of right heart failure (RHF). While heart
Amiodarone-induced nephropathy: A case study
Dr Reza Moazzeni
April 13, 2020
Can Amiodarone cause nephropathy (nephrotoxicity)? Amiodarone, a medication widely recognized for its numerous side effects, can lead to severe and
Atrial Fibrillation (AF): Symptoms | Causes | Management | Video
Dr Reza Moazzeni
July 31, 2018
Table of Contents What is Atrial Fibrillation (AF or AFib)? | Video https://youtu.be/qtXGQj5xvgg Atrial Fibrillation — AF or AFib for
How to Lower Triglycerides Naturally: Diet, Alcohol, Weight Loss and Exercise
Dr Reza Moazzeni
March 7, 2026
Triglycerides are a type of fat found in the blood. When levels are elevated, they are often a sign of
Stress Echocardiogram Explained: What It Is, When You Need It, and What to Expect
Dr Reza Moazzeni
September 9, 2025
Introduction Table of Contents stress echocardiogram—also called a stress echo or exercise stress echocardiography—combines a standard transthoracic echocardiogram with exercise
Echocardiogram Explained: What It Is, When You Need It, and What to Expect
Dr Reza Moazzeni
August 2, 2025
What is an Echocardiogram Echocardiogram is a non-invasive and painless test that uses ultrasound to assess the heart’s structure and
Lp(a) or Lipoprotein (a): A comprehensive review
Dr Reza Moazzeni
October 18, 2024
Lipoprotein(a) – A Critical Factor in Cardiovascular Risk Assessment Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a significant independent risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular
Alcohol and Heart Health: Navigating the Risks and Benefits
Dr Reza Moazzeni
March 25, 2024
Introduction Alcohol and heart health: a topic that’s been debated for years. You’ve probably heard conflicting advice – a glass
Lipedema
Dr Reza Moazzeni
November 1, 2023
Introduction Lipedema, often mistaken for obesity, is a unique medical condition that predominantly affects women. Lipedema is an abnormal and
High Cholesterol: Distinguishing Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH) from Common Hyperlipidemia
Dr Reza Moazzeni
September 27, 2023
Hypercholesterolemia or high blood cholesterol level is common in medical practice, but not all cases are equal. Some individuals may
Inclisiran: From RNA Interference (RNAi) to Cholesterol Management
Dr Reza Moazzeni
August 28, 2023
Inclisiran is another therapeutic agent that exerts its effect by interfering with the PCSK9 molecule, not by inhibiting its action
PCSK9 Inhibitors: The New Frontier in Cholesterol Management
Dr Reza Moazzeni
August 20, 2023
Introduction PCSK9, or Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin type 9, is a molecule that has gained a significant role in cardiovascular health
Bempedoic Acid
Dr Reza Moazzeni
June 29, 2023
https://youtu.be/Q70VY2m3bz8 Video: Bempedoic Acid mechanism of action Bempedoic acid is a novel treatment against hypercholesterolemia. It offers hope to patients
Amiodarone-induced Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis (LCV)
Dr Reza Moazzeni
June 21, 2023
Leukocytoclastic vasculitis (LCV), a severe inflammatory condition affecting the small blood vessels, can arise from various causes, including medications. One
Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH): Diagnosis, Genetics
Dr Reza Moazzeni
February 27, 2023
Table of Contents What is Familial Hypercholesterolemia or FH? Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a genetic disorder that causes high levels
Unilateral Leg Swelling: Differential Diagnosis and Case Studies
Dr Reza Moazzeni
June 30, 2022
Acute vs Chronic Unilateral Leg Swelling Categorizing the swelling process as acute or chronic is an essential first step in
The impact of heart failure optimal medical therapy (OMT) and CRT on functional mitral valve regurgitation
Dr Reza Moazzeni
June 15, 2022
Introduction Functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) is a condition that often affects patients with heart failure, particularly those with reduced left
Cardiac Asthma (Cardiac Cough): revisiting an old entity
Dr Reza Moazzeni
March 7, 2022
What is cardiac asthma or cardiac cough? For centuries, we’ve understood that heart diseases can lead to symptoms like shortness
Sinus Bradycardia and Hypotension post Bariatric Surgery
Dr Reza Moazzeni
February 17, 2022
Introduction The connection between weight loss and improved health is well-documented, with years of comprehensive research and numerous trials reinforcing
Lower Limb Edema (Swollen Legs): Chronic Venous Insufficiency and Venous Hypertension
Dr Reza Moazzeni
December 27, 2021
What are the main causes of swollen legs? https://youtu.be/kw71R1648lg Video: This video highlights venous hypertension as a top cause of
How to reduce the risk of a sudden Heart Attack
Dr Reza Moazzeni
November 4, 2021
Table of Contents Introduction — Prevention That Works Every year, thousands of people have heart attacks that could have been
Statin Intolerance: Placebo vs Nocebo
Dr Reza Moazzeni
October 18, 2021
What is Nocebo and how it is different from Placebo? https://youtu.be/s6yVAOjFurE To better understand the difference between Placebo vs Nocebo,
Coronary Calcium Score (Coronary Artery Calcification): Nuts and Bolts
Dr Reza Moazzeni
November 7, 2020
Table of Contents Understanding ASCVD Risk Calculation What is the Coronary Calcium Score? Who should have a CAC test? When
Pacemaker-induced Tricuspid Regurgitation (CIED-related TR)
Dr Reza Moazzeni
August 25, 2020
CIED-related tricuspid regurgitation (TR), particularly pacemaker-induced TR, is an under-recognised but important cause of right heart failure (RHF). While heart
Amiodarone-induced nephropathy: A case study
Dr Reza Moazzeni
April 13, 2020
Can Amiodarone cause nephropathy (nephrotoxicity)? Amiodarone, a medication widely recognized for its numerous side effects, can lead to severe and
Atrial Fibrillation (AF): Symptoms | Causes | Management | Video
Dr Reza Moazzeni
July 31, 2018
Table of Contents What is Atrial Fibrillation (AF or AFib)? | Video https://youtu.be/qtXGQj5xvgg Atrial Fibrillation — AF or AFib for
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CT Coronary Angiogram vs CT Calcium Scoring
What is Echocardiogram?
