The Cholesterol Confusion: What Actually Raises Your LDL?
Dr Reza Moazzeni
May 10, 2026
Patients hear the same advice phrased in different ways: watch your cholesterol, cut the fat, avoid eggs, coconut oil is
Cardiology Insights
Articles on heart disease, prevention, imaging, and clinical decision-making — written by Dr Reza Moazzeni MD FRACP, cardiologist in Sydney.
These posts share practical lessons from real clinical practice, recent research, and everyday questions patients ask.
Cardiac Masses on Echocardiography: Atrial Myxoma and Metastatic Melanoma
Dr Reza Moazzeni
April 18, 2026
Cardiac masses are uncommon but clinically important — they can embolise to the brain and cause stroke, often in patients
Echocardiography in Cardio-Oncology: Monitoring the Heart During and After Cancer Therapy
Dr Reza Moazzeni
April 18, 2026
Modern cancer therapies have transformed survival — but several classes of chemotherapy, targeted agents, and immunotherapies can injure the heart.
Echocardiography in Stroke: How Cardiac Imaging Identifies the Source
Dr Reza Moazzeni
April 18, 2026
Approximately 20–25% of ischaemic strokes are cardioembolic — caused by clots, masses, or structural abnormalities that originate in the heart
ACC/AHA 2026 Dyslipidemia Guidelines: Key Updates & Clinical Summary
Dr Reza Moazzeni
March 20, 2026
ACC / AHA 2026 Clinical Practice Guideline ACC/AHA 2026 Dyslipidemia Guidelines A practical clinician summary of risk assessment, LDL-C targets,
How to Lower Triglycerides Naturally: Diet, Alcohol, Weight Loss and Exercise
Dr Reza Moazzeni
March 7, 2026
Triglycerides are a type of fat found in the blood. When levels are elevated, they are often a sign of
Stress Echocardiogram Explained
Dr Reza Moazzeni
September 9, 2025
A stress echocardiogram — often called a “stress echo” — combines an ultrasound of the heart with a treadmill exercise
Echocardiogram Explained: What It Is, When You Need It, and What to Expect
Dr Reza Moazzeni
August 2, 2025
An echocardiogram — often called an “echo” — is a non-invasive, radiation-free ultrasound scan of the heart. It shows the
Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)]: comprehensive review and 2026 update
Dr Reza Moazzeni
October 18, 2024
Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)]: comprehensive review and 2026 update Lipoprotein(a), or Lp(a), is a genetically determined LDL-like particle that increases the risk
Alcohol and Heart Health: Navigating the Risks and Benefits
Dr Reza Moazzeni
March 25, 2024
Introduction Alcohol and heart health: a topic that’s been debated for years. You’ve probably heard conflicting advice – a glass
Lipedema
Dr Reza Moazzeni
November 1, 2023
Introduction Lipedema, often mistaken for obesity, is a unique medical condition that predominantly affects women. Lipedema is an abnormal and
High Cholesterol: Distinguishing Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH) from Common Hyperlipidemia
Dr Reza Moazzeni
September 27, 2023
Hypercholesterolemia or high blood cholesterol level is common in medical practice, but not all cases are equal. Some individuals may
Inclisiran: From RNA Interference (RNAi) to Cholesterol Management
Dr Reza Moazzeni
August 28, 2023
Inclisiran is another therapeutic agent that exerts its effect by interfering with the PCSK9 molecule, not by inhibiting its action
PCSK9 Inhibitors: The New Frontier in Cholesterol Management
Dr Reza Moazzeni
August 20, 2023
Introduction PCSK9, or Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin type 9, is a molecule that has gained a significant role in cardiovascular health
Bempedoic Acid
Dr Reza Moazzeni
June 29, 2023
https://youtu.be/Q70VY2m3bz8 Video: Bempedoic Acid mechanism of action Bempedoic acid is a novel treatment against hypercholesterolemia. It offers hope to patients
Amiodarone-induced Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis (LCV)
Dr Reza Moazzeni
June 21, 2023
Leukocytoclastic vasculitis (LCV), a severe inflammatory condition affecting the small blood vessels, can arise from various causes, including medications. One
Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH): Diagnosis, Genetics
Dr Reza Moazzeni
February 27, 2023
Table of Contents What is Familial Hypercholesterolemia or FH? Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a genetic disorder that causes high levels
Unilateral Leg Swelling: Differential Diagnosis and Case Studies
Dr Reza Moazzeni
June 30, 2022
Acute vs Chronic Unilateral Leg Swelling Categorizing the swelling process as acute or chronic is an essential first step in
Secondary Mitral Regurgitation in Heart Failure: Why GDMT and CRT Matter
Dr Reza Moazzeni
June 15, 2022
Secondary mitral regurgitation is common in patients with heart failure and left ventricular systolic dysfunction. In many of these patients,
Cardiac Asthma (Cardiac Cough): revisiting an old entity
Dr Reza Moazzeni
March 7, 2022
What is cardiac asthma or cardiac cough? For centuries, we’ve understood that heart diseases can lead to symptoms like shortness
Sinus Bradycardia and Hypotension post Bariatric Surgery
Dr Reza Moazzeni
February 17, 2022
Introduction The connection between weight loss and improved health is well-documented, with years of comprehensive research and numerous trials reinforcing
Lower Limb Edema (Swollen Legs): Chronic Venous Insufficiency and Venous Hypertension
Dr Reza Moazzeni
December 27, 2021
What are the main causes of swollen legs? https://youtu.be/kw71R1648lg Video: This video highlights venous hypertension as a top cause of
How to Prevent a Heart Attack: A 5-Step Plan
Dr Reza Moazzeni
November 4, 2021
Most heart attacks are preventable. Roughly 80% of cardiovascular risk is shaped by what you eat, whether you smoke, how
Statin Intolerance: Placebo vs Nocebo
Dr Reza Moazzeni
October 18, 2021
What is Nocebo and how it is different from Placebo? https://youtu.be/s6yVAOjFurE To better understand the difference between Placebo vs Nocebo,
Coronary Calcium Score (Coronary Artery Calcification): Nuts and Bolts
Dr Reza Moazzeni
November 7, 2020
Updated 2026 Coronary artery calcium, or CAC score, is one of the most useful tools for estimating the future risk
Pacemaker-induced Tricuspid Regurgitation (CIED-related TR)
Dr Reza Moazzeni
August 25, 2020
CIED-related tricuspid regurgitation (TR) — particularly pacemaker-induced TR — is an under-recognised but clinically important cause of right heart failure
Amiodarone-induced nephropathy: A case study
Dr Reza Moazzeni
April 13, 2020
Can Amiodarone cause nephropathy (nephrotoxicity)? Amiodarone, a medication widely recognized for its numerous side effects, can lead to severe and
Atrial Fibrillation (AF): Symptoms | Causes | Management | Video
Dr Reza Moazzeni
July 31, 2018
Table of Contents What is Atrial Fibrillation (AF or AFib)? | Video https://youtu.be/qtXGQj5xvgg Atrial Fibrillation — AF or AFib for
The Cholesterol Confusion: What Actually Raises Your LDL?
Dr Reza Moazzeni
May 10, 2026
Patients hear the same advice phrased in different ways: watch your cholesterol, cut the fat, avoid eggs, coconut oil is
Cardiac Masses on Echocardiography: Atrial Myxoma and Metastatic Melanoma
Dr Reza Moazzeni
April 18, 2026
Cardiac masses are uncommon but clinically important — they can embolise to the brain and cause stroke, often in patients
Echocardiography in Cardio-Oncology: Monitoring the Heart During and After Cancer Therapy
Dr Reza Moazzeni
April 18, 2026
Modern cancer therapies have transformed survival — but several classes of chemotherapy, targeted agents, and immunotherapies can injure the heart.
Echocardiography in Stroke: How Cardiac Imaging Identifies the Source
Dr Reza Moazzeni
April 18, 2026
Approximately 20–25% of ischaemic strokes are cardioembolic — caused by clots, masses, or structural abnormalities that originate in the heart
ACC/AHA 2026 Dyslipidemia Guidelines: Key Updates & Clinical Summary
Dr Reza Moazzeni
March 20, 2026
ACC / AHA 2026 Clinical Practice Guideline ACC/AHA 2026 Dyslipidemia Guidelines A practical clinician summary of risk assessment, LDL-C targets,
How to Lower Triglycerides Naturally: Diet, Alcohol, Weight Loss and Exercise
Dr Reza Moazzeni
March 7, 2026
Triglycerides are a type of fat found in the blood. When levels are elevated, they are often a sign of
Stress Echocardiogram Explained
Dr Reza Moazzeni
September 9, 2025
A stress echocardiogram — often called a “stress echo” — combines an ultrasound of the heart with a treadmill exercise
Echocardiogram Explained: What It Is, When You Need It, and What to Expect
Dr Reza Moazzeni
August 2, 2025
An echocardiogram — often called an “echo” — is a non-invasive, radiation-free ultrasound scan of the heart. It shows the
Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)]: comprehensive review and 2026 update
Dr Reza Moazzeni
October 18, 2024
Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)]: comprehensive review and 2026 update Lipoprotein(a), or Lp(a), is a genetically determined LDL-like particle that increases the risk
Alcohol and Heart Health: Navigating the Risks and Benefits
Dr Reza Moazzeni
March 25, 2024
Introduction Alcohol and heart health: a topic that’s been debated for years. You’ve probably heard conflicting advice – a glass
Lipedema
Dr Reza Moazzeni
November 1, 2023
Introduction Lipedema, often mistaken for obesity, is a unique medical condition that predominantly affects women. Lipedema is an abnormal and
High Cholesterol: Distinguishing Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH) from Common Hyperlipidemia
Dr Reza Moazzeni
September 27, 2023
Hypercholesterolemia or high blood cholesterol level is common in medical practice, but not all cases are equal. Some individuals may
Inclisiran: From RNA Interference (RNAi) to Cholesterol Management
Dr Reza Moazzeni
August 28, 2023
Inclisiran is another therapeutic agent that exerts its effect by interfering with the PCSK9 molecule, not by inhibiting its action
PCSK9 Inhibitors: The New Frontier in Cholesterol Management
Dr Reza Moazzeni
August 20, 2023
Introduction PCSK9, or Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin type 9, is a molecule that has gained a significant role in cardiovascular health
Bempedoic Acid
Dr Reza Moazzeni
June 29, 2023
https://youtu.be/Q70VY2m3bz8 Video: Bempedoic Acid mechanism of action Bempedoic acid is a novel treatment against hypercholesterolemia. It offers hope to patients
Amiodarone-induced Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis (LCV)
Dr Reza Moazzeni
June 21, 2023
Leukocytoclastic vasculitis (LCV), a severe inflammatory condition affecting the small blood vessels, can arise from various causes, including medications. One
Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH): Diagnosis, Genetics
Dr Reza Moazzeni
February 27, 2023
Table of Contents What is Familial Hypercholesterolemia or FH? Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a genetic disorder that causes high levels
Unilateral Leg Swelling: Differential Diagnosis and Case Studies
Dr Reza Moazzeni
June 30, 2022
Acute vs Chronic Unilateral Leg Swelling Categorizing the swelling process as acute or chronic is an essential first step in
Secondary Mitral Regurgitation in Heart Failure: Why GDMT and CRT Matter
Dr Reza Moazzeni
June 15, 2022
Secondary mitral regurgitation is common in patients with heart failure and left ventricular systolic dysfunction. In many of these patients,
Cardiac Asthma (Cardiac Cough): revisiting an old entity
Dr Reza Moazzeni
March 7, 2022
What is cardiac asthma or cardiac cough? For centuries, we’ve understood that heart diseases can lead to symptoms like shortness
Sinus Bradycardia and Hypotension post Bariatric Surgery
Dr Reza Moazzeni
February 17, 2022
Introduction The connection between weight loss and improved health is well-documented, with years of comprehensive research and numerous trials reinforcing
Lower Limb Edema (Swollen Legs): Chronic Venous Insufficiency and Venous Hypertension
Dr Reza Moazzeni
December 27, 2021
What are the main causes of swollen legs? https://youtu.be/kw71R1648lg Video: This video highlights venous hypertension as a top cause of
How to Prevent a Heart Attack: A 5-Step Plan
Dr Reza Moazzeni
November 4, 2021
Most heart attacks are preventable. Roughly 80% of cardiovascular risk is shaped by what you eat, whether you smoke, how
Statin Intolerance: Placebo vs Nocebo
Dr Reza Moazzeni
October 18, 2021
What is Nocebo and how it is different from Placebo? https://youtu.be/s6yVAOjFurE To better understand the difference between Placebo vs Nocebo,
Coronary Calcium Score (Coronary Artery Calcification): Nuts and Bolts
Dr Reza Moazzeni
November 7, 2020
Updated 2026 Coronary artery calcium, or CAC score, is one of the most useful tools for estimating the future risk
Pacemaker-induced Tricuspid Regurgitation (CIED-related TR)
Dr Reza Moazzeni
August 25, 2020
CIED-related tricuspid regurgitation (TR) — particularly pacemaker-induced TR — is an under-recognised but clinically important cause of right heart failure
Amiodarone-induced nephropathy: A case study
Dr Reza Moazzeni
April 13, 2020
Can Amiodarone cause nephropathy (nephrotoxicity)? Amiodarone, a medication widely recognized for its numerous side effects, can lead to severe and
Atrial Fibrillation (AF): Symptoms | Causes | Management | Video
Dr Reza Moazzeni
July 31, 2018
Table of Contents What is Atrial Fibrillation (AF or AFib)? | Video https://youtu.be/qtXGQj5xvgg Atrial Fibrillation — AF or AFib for
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CT Coronary Angiogram vs CT Calcium Scoring
What is Echocardiogram?
